Bdtyktl

Starting tmux with the following flag fixes this for me:

tmux -2

from tmux man page:

-2 Force tmux to assume the terminal supports 256 colours.

I am having the same problem on Ubuntu 10.04 LTS using Byobu 5.17 & tmux 1.5 using the latest Solarized from the GitHub repo.

I was able to partially fix this by specifying $TERM in the .bashrc file:

export TERM="xterm-256color"

It seems, also, that there is a bug filed on launchpad, but it is not yet resolved:
byobu not displaying dircolors properly

this worked for me

in .tmux.conf

set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"

in .vimrc

set term=screen-256color

remove old term value for .vimrc,
believe me this will work

Terminal type should be set to screen-256color in ~/.tmux.conf. It tells tmux what to set the TERM evironment variable, so it won't work for the current session - start a new one and test then.

If it still doesn't work, you can run Vim using:

TERM=screen-256color vi

This sets the environment variable just for a one-off vi execution.

If that doesn't make vim display all the colours, test if your terminal (I'm not sure if you're testing with just one terminal emulator) is compiled to support the 256 colour palette - download and run the below Perl script from the terminal emulator in question.

http://scie.nti.st/dist/256colors2.pl

PS. I assume you've already corrected the typo jordanbrock noticed.

As explained by Marcin Kaminski, if TERM=screen-256color vim <filename> works for you then just add following to your .bashrc

TERM=screen-256color

and following in your .tmux.conf:

set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"

I had the same problemd, this works for me.

There's a typo in the last line of your .vimrc.

It should be colorscheme solarized

Not sure if that helps :)

You may be having the same problem documented in this answer.

Basically, .tmux.conf setting works, and TERM is set to screen-256color, but then tmux opens bash and calls your .bashrc, which sets TERM to something else (perhaps xterm-256color).

The solution is to set TERM in your terminal settings rather than in .bashrc. If that's not an option, you can check TERMinside .bashrc and not change it if it's already screen-256color.

In the shell starting tmux, check that $TERM is either xterm-256color or screen-256color. See how to change $TERM:

• Usually change ~/.Xresources is the best way (if supported)


• For gnome-terminal see https://askubuntu.com/a/379472
  

As an alternative, as Holy Mackerel said, you can force tmux to 256color via:

$ tmux -2

[Solucion][1]
that may disturb your vision and make Vim unpleasant to use for an extended period of time.

You can fix this by running :set term=screen-256color in Vim or by relaunching Vim under the TERM=screen-256color environment, as some experts recommend: http://sunaku.github.io/vim-256color-bce.html

In your .bashrc or .zshrc just add

if [[ $TERM == xterm ]]; then

    TERM=xterm-256color

fi

and also start with the tmux -2

For those, who is consuming time on colors, and if solarized vim doesn’t work on tmux,
or tired of finding colors of vim,
this should work in a minute, also it is from the official repository as follow.

yum vim-jellybeans

or

mkdir -p ~/.vim/colors

cd ~/.vim/colors

curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nanotech/jellybeans.vim/master/colors/jellybeans.vim

touch ~/.vimrc 

sed -i '/colorscheme/d' ~/.vimrc

echo colorscheme jellybeans >> ~/.vimrc

this will fix it with the beautiful color set and patterns are so focused and useful, if you are also tried to set those highlight, search words, this is it. everything has already set to use. You can even change colors in the configuration file.

If you don't want to install anything but just simple quick solution,
ignore above and try this in vim

:colo ron
you can also replace 'ron' with the following sets and even restore to solo default

blue 

darkblue 

default

delek

desert

elflord

evening

koehler

morning.vim

murphy

pablo

peachpuff

ron

shine

slate

torte

zellner

and save in .vimrc

colo ron

syntax on