Show that the union of convex sets does not have to be convex.











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The following is an example that I've come up with:



Suppose that $pin A$ and $qin B$ so that $p,q in Acup B$, where $A$ and $B$ are two mutually disjoint, convex, unit circles centered at $x=0,2$ in $mathbb{R^2}$, respectively. Also let $p:=(frac{1}{2},0)$ and $q:= (frac{3}{2},0)$. The set of points satisfying $lambda p + (1-lambda)q$ for $0 < lambda < 1$ forms a line between $p$ and $q$. But for $lambda = frac{1}{2}$, we have that $z = frac{1}{2}p + (1-frac{1}{2})q = frac{1}{2}(p+q)=(1,0)$, which is not in $Acup B$.



I was wondering if there's a simpler example that shows that the union of two convex sets does not have to be convex?










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    up vote
    2
    down vote

    favorite












    The following is an example that I've come up with:



    Suppose that $pin A$ and $qin B$ so that $p,q in Acup B$, where $A$ and $B$ are two mutually disjoint, convex, unit circles centered at $x=0,2$ in $mathbb{R^2}$, respectively. Also let $p:=(frac{1}{2},0)$ and $q:= (frac{3}{2},0)$. The set of points satisfying $lambda p + (1-lambda)q$ for $0 < lambda < 1$ forms a line between $p$ and $q$. But for $lambda = frac{1}{2}$, we have that $z = frac{1}{2}p + (1-frac{1}{2})q = frac{1}{2}(p+q)=(1,0)$, which is not in $Acup B$.



    I was wondering if there's a simpler example that shows that the union of two convex sets does not have to be convex?










    share|cite|improve this question
























      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      2
      down vote

      favorite











      The following is an example that I've come up with:



      Suppose that $pin A$ and $qin B$ so that $p,q in Acup B$, where $A$ and $B$ are two mutually disjoint, convex, unit circles centered at $x=0,2$ in $mathbb{R^2}$, respectively. Also let $p:=(frac{1}{2},0)$ and $q:= (frac{3}{2},0)$. The set of points satisfying $lambda p + (1-lambda)q$ for $0 < lambda < 1$ forms a line between $p$ and $q$. But for $lambda = frac{1}{2}$, we have that $z = frac{1}{2}p + (1-frac{1}{2})q = frac{1}{2}(p+q)=(1,0)$, which is not in $Acup B$.



      I was wondering if there's a simpler example that shows that the union of two convex sets does not have to be convex?










      share|cite|improve this question













      The following is an example that I've come up with:



      Suppose that $pin A$ and $qin B$ so that $p,q in Acup B$, where $A$ and $B$ are two mutually disjoint, convex, unit circles centered at $x=0,2$ in $mathbb{R^2}$, respectively. Also let $p:=(frac{1}{2},0)$ and $q:= (frac{3}{2},0)$. The set of points satisfying $lambda p + (1-lambda)q$ for $0 < lambda < 1$ forms a line between $p$ and $q$. But for $lambda = frac{1}{2}$, we have that $z = frac{1}{2}p + (1-frac{1}{2})q = frac{1}{2}(p+q)=(1,0)$, which is not in $Acup B$.



      I was wondering if there's a simpler example that shows that the union of two convex sets does not have to be convex?







      analysis






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      share|cite|improve this question










      asked 5 hours ago









      K.M

      648312




      648312






















          2 Answers
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          up vote
          3
          down vote



          accepted










          $(0,1) cup (2,3)$ is a simpler example. $frac {0.5+2.5} 2$ does not belong to this union.






          share|cite|improve this answer




























            up vote
            3
            down vote













            Even easier: two points in the plane.






            share|cite|improve this answer





















            • Or in the line.
              – Martin Argerami
              4 hours ago










            • They "puncture" this conjecture oh-so-prettily.
              – ncmathsadist
              4 hours ago










            • when you say two points in the plane, do you mean that each point is a trivial convex set?
              – K.M
              4 hours ago










            • Verily. A point is about as convex as you can get.
              – ncmathsadist
              4 hours ago










            • @ncmathsadist: wouldn't this be considered more of a counterexample?
              – K.M
              4 hours ago











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            2 Answers
            2






            active

            oldest

            votes








            2 Answers
            2






            active

            oldest

            votes









            active

            oldest

            votes






            active

            oldest

            votes








            up vote
            3
            down vote



            accepted










            $(0,1) cup (2,3)$ is a simpler example. $frac {0.5+2.5} 2$ does not belong to this union.






            share|cite|improve this answer

























              up vote
              3
              down vote



              accepted










              $(0,1) cup (2,3)$ is a simpler example. $frac {0.5+2.5} 2$ does not belong to this union.






              share|cite|improve this answer























                up vote
                3
                down vote



                accepted







                up vote
                3
                down vote



                accepted






                $(0,1) cup (2,3)$ is a simpler example. $frac {0.5+2.5} 2$ does not belong to this union.






                share|cite|improve this answer












                $(0,1) cup (2,3)$ is a simpler example. $frac {0.5+2.5} 2$ does not belong to this union.







                share|cite|improve this answer












                share|cite|improve this answer



                share|cite|improve this answer










                answered 5 hours ago









                Kavi Rama Murthy

                45.1k31852




                45.1k31852






















                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote













                    Even easier: two points in the plane.






                    share|cite|improve this answer





















                    • Or in the line.
                      – Martin Argerami
                      4 hours ago










                    • They "puncture" this conjecture oh-so-prettily.
                      – ncmathsadist
                      4 hours ago










                    • when you say two points in the plane, do you mean that each point is a trivial convex set?
                      – K.M
                      4 hours ago










                    • Verily. A point is about as convex as you can get.
                      – ncmathsadist
                      4 hours ago










                    • @ncmathsadist: wouldn't this be considered more of a counterexample?
                      – K.M
                      4 hours ago















                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote













                    Even easier: two points in the plane.






                    share|cite|improve this answer





















                    • Or in the line.
                      – Martin Argerami
                      4 hours ago










                    • They "puncture" this conjecture oh-so-prettily.
                      – ncmathsadist
                      4 hours ago










                    • when you say two points in the plane, do you mean that each point is a trivial convex set?
                      – K.M
                      4 hours ago










                    • Verily. A point is about as convex as you can get.
                      – ncmathsadist
                      4 hours ago










                    • @ncmathsadist: wouldn't this be considered more of a counterexample?
                      – K.M
                      4 hours ago













                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote










                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote









                    Even easier: two points in the plane.






                    share|cite|improve this answer












                    Even easier: two points in the plane.







                    share|cite|improve this answer












                    share|cite|improve this answer



                    share|cite|improve this answer










                    answered 5 hours ago









                    ncmathsadist

                    42k259101




                    42k259101












                    • Or in the line.
                      – Martin Argerami
                      4 hours ago










                    • They "puncture" this conjecture oh-so-prettily.
                      – ncmathsadist
                      4 hours ago










                    • when you say two points in the plane, do you mean that each point is a trivial convex set?
                      – K.M
                      4 hours ago










                    • Verily. A point is about as convex as you can get.
                      – ncmathsadist
                      4 hours ago










                    • @ncmathsadist: wouldn't this be considered more of a counterexample?
                      – K.M
                      4 hours ago


















                    • Or in the line.
                      – Martin Argerami
                      4 hours ago










                    • They "puncture" this conjecture oh-so-prettily.
                      – ncmathsadist
                      4 hours ago










                    • when you say two points in the plane, do you mean that each point is a trivial convex set?
                      – K.M
                      4 hours ago










                    • Verily. A point is about as convex as you can get.
                      – ncmathsadist
                      4 hours ago










                    • @ncmathsadist: wouldn't this be considered more of a counterexample?
                      – K.M
                      4 hours ago
















                    Or in the line.
                    – Martin Argerami
                    4 hours ago




                    Or in the line.
                    – Martin Argerami
                    4 hours ago












                    They "puncture" this conjecture oh-so-prettily.
                    – ncmathsadist
                    4 hours ago




                    They "puncture" this conjecture oh-so-prettily.
                    – ncmathsadist
                    4 hours ago












                    when you say two points in the plane, do you mean that each point is a trivial convex set?
                    – K.M
                    4 hours ago




                    when you say two points in the plane, do you mean that each point is a trivial convex set?
                    – K.M
                    4 hours ago












                    Verily. A point is about as convex as you can get.
                    – ncmathsadist
                    4 hours ago




                    Verily. A point is about as convex as you can get.
                    – ncmathsadist
                    4 hours ago












                    @ncmathsadist: wouldn't this be considered more of a counterexample?
                    – K.M
                    4 hours ago




                    @ncmathsadist: wouldn't this be considered more of a counterexample?
                    – K.M
                    4 hours ago


















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