Confusion about the duration of different phases of the cell cycle such as G1, G2 & S
$begingroup$
We all know that normally most of our cells (which are alive and have nuclei - except for cells such as "stem cells", "red blood cells", etc) spend most of their lives in interphase.
But the Interphase itself is also composed of other parts, other stages, including G1, S, and G2.
Is the staying duration of the most human cells in each stage(G1,G2 & S) is comparable to the other stage?
For example, is it true to say that:
"Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."?
Usually, which stage is the longest or shortest?
It is quite clear that the G1 is normally longer that G2 and as far as I know the G2 is the shortest stage in interphase, but what about G1 and S?
Is stage S usually longer than G1?
Is there any information?
cell-cycle
asked Jan 21 at 12:58
AmirhoseinRiaziAmirhoseinRiazi
1228
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
We all know that normally most of our cells (which are alive and have nuclei - except for cells such as "stem cells", "red blood cells", etc) spend most of their lives in interphase.
But the Interphase itself is also composed of other parts, other stages, including G1, S, and G2.
Is the staying duration of the most human cells in each stage(G1,G2 & S) is comparable to the other stage?
For example, is it true to say that:
"Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."?
Usually, which stage is the longest or shortest?
It is quite clear that the G1 is normally longer that G2 and as far as I know the G2 is the shortest stage in interphase, but what about G1 and S?
Is stage S usually longer than G1?
Is there any information?
cell-cycle
asked Jan 21 at 12:58
AmirhoseinRiaziAmirhoseinRiazi
1228
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
We all know that normally most of our cells (which are alive and have nuclei - except for cells such as "stem cells", "red blood cells", etc) spend most of their lives in interphase.
But the Interphase itself is also composed of other parts, other stages, including G1, S, and G2.
Is the staying duration of the most human cells in each stage(G1,G2 & S) is comparable to the other stage?
For example, is it true to say that:
"Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."?
Usually, which stage is the longest or shortest?
It is quite clear that the G1 is normally longer that G2 and as far as I know the G2 is the shortest stage in interphase, but what about G1 and S?
Is stage S usually longer than G1?
Is there any information?
cell-cycle
asked Jan 21 at 12:58
AmirhoseinRiaziAmirhoseinRiazi
1228
$endgroup$
We all know that normally most of our cells (which are alive and have nuclei - except for cells such as "stem cells", "red blood cells", etc) spend most of their lives in interphase.
But the Interphase itself is also composed of other parts, other stages, including G1, S, and G2.
Is the staying duration of the most human cells in each stage(G1,G2 & S) is comparable to the other stage?
For example, is it true to say that:
"Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."?
Usually, which stage is the longest or shortest?
It is quite clear that the G1 is normally longer that G2 and as far as I know the G2 is the shortest stage in interphase, but what about G1 and S?
Is stage S usually longer than G1?
Is there any information?
cell-cycle
cell-cycle
asked Jan 21 at 12:58
AmirhoseinRiaziAmirhoseinRiazi
1228
asked Jan 21 at 12:58
AmirhoseinRiaziAmirhoseinRiazi
1228
edited Jan 23 at 21:09
AmirhoseinRiazi
asked Jan 21 at 12:58
AmirhoseinRiaziAmirhoseinRiazi
1228
asked Jan 21 at 12:58
AmirhoseinRiaziAmirhoseinRiazi
1228
asked Jan 21 at 12:58
AmirhoseinRiaziAmirhoseinRiazi
1228
1228
add a comment |
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
It depends on the conditions, cell type or state of the cell.
I don't think anyone here can do better justice to the question for a beginner than this web page.
To show you why your answer is not answerable, by way of example: some cells exit the cell cycle and enter a stage called G0. This can be a permanent state for some cells, or, for instance, others may return to the cycle if they receive (external) signals.
Here is a very loose approximation, circles are to scale with respect to cycle time. Notice, for instance, the human circle is for an immortalized cell line under laboratory conditions, rather than for cells in your body. A neuron (brain) or an enterocyte (gut) have vastly different cell cycle states, so it's impossible to give you a single straight answer without misleading you totally.
Bonus food for thought: notice that the fraction of time cells spend on G1, S, G2 and mitosis is also different between different cell types.
Bonus food for thought #2: In fruit fly embryos (pictured bottom right in the above picture), you have an extreme example of unconventional (non-textbook) cycling. Rather than synthesizing new cytoplasmic materials, the size of the developing embryo is constant except for the replication of the genetic material. This happens in the growing larva for ~10 cell divisions, in thousands of cells. One of these cycles takes about 8 minutes to complete fully. That's an impressive time to copy a genome; most* bacteria can't do it this quickly!
(*any that I am aware of)
answered Jan 21 at 14:10
S PrS Pr
1,10810
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Is it true to say "Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."? Is there any information?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 21 at 17:56
$begingroup$
I don't think this is known definitively. We can only guess. Most cells are in interphase (i.e. not mitosis+cytokinesis). There is an important cell-cycle checkpoint at the end of G1 which, when passed, means that the cell is preparing for eventual division (S or synthesis phase means it's duplicating its genome). I would hazard to guess most cells in the body, by sheer number, are in G1 or have entered (semi)permanently into the G0 phase. Even some adult stem cells await signals to enter the cell cycle again and divide, and these are the most proliferative cells. Don't quote me on this.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 22 at 14:20
$begingroup$
I wonder whether entering the G0 is only done through G1. Is it possible for the cell to go from stage S or G2 to step G0?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 25 at 9:42
$begingroup$
By definition G0 is prior to S phase. Cells can remain for a long time in G2 but if they are not 'actively readying for division', they are either in G1 or out of the cell cycle entirely, in G0.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 25 at 13:08
$begingroup$
@AmirhoseinRiazi also have a look at biology.stackexchange.com/q/13703/3340
$endgroup$
– WYSIWYG♦
Feb 5 at 15:31
add a comment |
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$begingroup$
It depends on the conditions, cell type or state of the cell.
I don't think anyone here can do better justice to the question for a beginner than this web page.
To show you why your answer is not answerable, by way of example: some cells exit the cell cycle and enter a stage called G0. This can be a permanent state for some cells, or, for instance, others may return to the cycle if they receive (external) signals.
Here is a very loose approximation, circles are to scale with respect to cycle time. Notice, for instance, the human circle is for an immortalized cell line under laboratory conditions, rather than for cells in your body. A neuron (brain) or an enterocyte (gut) have vastly different cell cycle states, so it's impossible to give you a single straight answer without misleading you totally.
Bonus food for thought: notice that the fraction of time cells spend on G1, S, G2 and mitosis is also different between different cell types.
Bonus food for thought #2: In fruit fly embryos (pictured bottom right in the above picture), you have an extreme example of unconventional (non-textbook) cycling. Rather than synthesizing new cytoplasmic materials, the size of the developing embryo is constant except for the replication of the genetic material. This happens in the growing larva for ~10 cell divisions, in thousands of cells. One of these cycles takes about 8 minutes to complete fully. That's an impressive time to copy a genome; most* bacteria can't do it this quickly!
(*any that I am aware of)
answered Jan 21 at 14:10
S PrS Pr
1,10810
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Is it true to say "Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."? Is there any information?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 21 at 17:56
$begingroup$
I don't think this is known definitively. We can only guess. Most cells are in interphase (i.e. not mitosis+cytokinesis). There is an important cell-cycle checkpoint at the end of G1 which, when passed, means that the cell is preparing for eventual division (S or synthesis phase means it's duplicating its genome). I would hazard to guess most cells in the body, by sheer number, are in G1 or have entered (semi)permanently into the G0 phase. Even some adult stem cells await signals to enter the cell cycle again and divide, and these are the most proliferative cells. Don't quote me on this.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 22 at 14:20
$begingroup$
I wonder whether entering the G0 is only done through G1. Is it possible for the cell to go from stage S or G2 to step G0?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 25 at 9:42
$begingroup$
By definition G0 is prior to S phase. Cells can remain for a long time in G2 but if they are not 'actively readying for division', they are either in G1 or out of the cell cycle entirely, in G0.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 25 at 13:08
$begingroup$
@AmirhoseinRiazi also have a look at biology.stackexchange.com/q/13703/3340
$endgroup$
– WYSIWYG♦
Feb 5 at 15:31
add a comment |
$begingroup$
It depends on the conditions, cell type or state of the cell.
I don't think anyone here can do better justice to the question for a beginner than this web page.
To show you why your answer is not answerable, by way of example: some cells exit the cell cycle and enter a stage called G0. This can be a permanent state for some cells, or, for instance, others may return to the cycle if they receive (external) signals.
Here is a very loose approximation, circles are to scale with respect to cycle time. Notice, for instance, the human circle is for an immortalized cell line under laboratory conditions, rather than for cells in your body. A neuron (brain) or an enterocyte (gut) have vastly different cell cycle states, so it's impossible to give you a single straight answer without misleading you totally.
Bonus food for thought: notice that the fraction of time cells spend on G1, S, G2 and mitosis is also different between different cell types.
Bonus food for thought #2: In fruit fly embryos (pictured bottom right in the above picture), you have an extreme example of unconventional (non-textbook) cycling. Rather than synthesizing new cytoplasmic materials, the size of the developing embryo is constant except for the replication of the genetic material. This happens in the growing larva for ~10 cell divisions, in thousands of cells. One of these cycles takes about 8 minutes to complete fully. That's an impressive time to copy a genome; most* bacteria can't do it this quickly!
(*any that I am aware of)
answered Jan 21 at 14:10
S PrS Pr
1,10810
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Is it true to say "Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."? Is there any information?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 21 at 17:56
$begingroup$
I don't think this is known definitively. We can only guess. Most cells are in interphase (i.e. not mitosis+cytokinesis). There is an important cell-cycle checkpoint at the end of G1 which, when passed, means that the cell is preparing for eventual division (S or synthesis phase means it's duplicating its genome). I would hazard to guess most cells in the body, by sheer number, are in G1 or have entered (semi)permanently into the G0 phase. Even some adult stem cells await signals to enter the cell cycle again and divide, and these are the most proliferative cells. Don't quote me on this.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 22 at 14:20
$begingroup$
I wonder whether entering the G0 is only done through G1. Is it possible for the cell to go from stage S or G2 to step G0?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 25 at 9:42
$begingroup$
By definition G0 is prior to S phase. Cells can remain for a long time in G2 but if they are not 'actively readying for division', they are either in G1 or out of the cell cycle entirely, in G0.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 25 at 13:08
$begingroup$
@AmirhoseinRiazi also have a look at biology.stackexchange.com/q/13703/3340
$endgroup$
– WYSIWYG♦
Feb 5 at 15:31
add a comment |
$begingroup$
It depends on the conditions, cell type or state of the cell.
I don't think anyone here can do better justice to the question for a beginner than this web page.
To show you why your answer is not answerable, by way of example: some cells exit the cell cycle and enter a stage called G0. This can be a permanent state for some cells, or, for instance, others may return to the cycle if they receive (external) signals.
Here is a very loose approximation, circles are to scale with respect to cycle time. Notice, for instance, the human circle is for an immortalized cell line under laboratory conditions, rather than for cells in your body. A neuron (brain) or an enterocyte (gut) have vastly different cell cycle states, so it's impossible to give you a single straight answer without misleading you totally.
Bonus food for thought: notice that the fraction of time cells spend on G1, S, G2 and mitosis is also different between different cell types.
Bonus food for thought #2: In fruit fly embryos (pictured bottom right in the above picture), you have an extreme example of unconventional (non-textbook) cycling. Rather than synthesizing new cytoplasmic materials, the size of the developing embryo is constant except for the replication of the genetic material. This happens in the growing larva for ~10 cell divisions, in thousands of cells. One of these cycles takes about 8 minutes to complete fully. That's an impressive time to copy a genome; most* bacteria can't do it this quickly!
(*any that I am aware of)
answered Jan 21 at 14:10
S PrS Pr
1,10810
$endgroup$
It depends on the conditions, cell type or state of the cell.
I don't think anyone here can do better justice to the question for a beginner than this web page.
To show you why your answer is not answerable, by way of example: some cells exit the cell cycle and enter a stage called G0. This can be a permanent state for some cells, or, for instance, others may return to the cycle if they receive (external) signals.
Here is a very loose approximation, circles are to scale with respect to cycle time. Notice, for instance, the human circle is for an immortalized cell line under laboratory conditions, rather than for cells in your body. A neuron (brain) or an enterocyte (gut) have vastly different cell cycle states, so it's impossible to give you a single straight answer without misleading you totally.
Bonus food for thought: notice that the fraction of time cells spend on G1, S, G2 and mitosis is also different between different cell types.
Bonus food for thought #2: In fruit fly embryos (pictured bottom right in the above picture), you have an extreme example of unconventional (non-textbook) cycling. Rather than synthesizing new cytoplasmic materials, the size of the developing embryo is constant except for the replication of the genetic material. This happens in the growing larva for ~10 cell divisions, in thousands of cells. One of these cycles takes about 8 minutes to complete fully. That's an impressive time to copy a genome; most* bacteria can't do it this quickly!
(*any that I am aware of)
answered Jan 21 at 14:10
S PrS Pr
1,10810
edited Jan 21 at 14:19
answered Jan 21 at 14:10
S PrS Pr
1,10810
answered Jan 21 at 14:10
S PrS Pr
1,10810
answered Jan 21 at 14:10
S PrS Pr
1,10810
1,10810
$begingroup$
Is it true to say "Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."? Is there any information?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 21 at 17:56
$begingroup$
I don't think this is known definitively. We can only guess. Most cells are in interphase (i.e. not mitosis+cytokinesis). There is an important cell-cycle checkpoint at the end of G1 which, when passed, means that the cell is preparing for eventual division (S or synthesis phase means it's duplicating its genome). I would hazard to guess most cells in the body, by sheer number, are in G1 or have entered (semi)permanently into the G0 phase. Even some adult stem cells await signals to enter the cell cycle again and divide, and these are the most proliferative cells. Don't quote me on this.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 22 at 14:20
$begingroup$
I wonder whether entering the G0 is only done through G1. Is it possible for the cell to go from stage S or G2 to step G0?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 25 at 9:42
$begingroup$
By definition G0 is prior to S phase. Cells can remain for a long time in G2 but if they are not 'actively readying for division', they are either in G1 or out of the cell cycle entirely, in G0.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 25 at 13:08
$begingroup$
@AmirhoseinRiazi also have a look at biology.stackexchange.com/q/13703/3340
$endgroup$
– WYSIWYG♦
Feb 5 at 15:31
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Is it true to say "Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."? Is there any information?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 21 at 17:56
$begingroup$
I don't think this is known definitively. We can only guess. Most cells are in interphase (i.e. not mitosis+cytokinesis). There is an important cell-cycle checkpoint at the end of G1 which, when passed, means that the cell is preparing for eventual division (S or synthesis phase means it's duplicating its genome). I would hazard to guess most cells in the body, by sheer number, are in G1 or have entered (semi)permanently into the G0 phase. Even some adult stem cells await signals to enter the cell cycle again and divide, and these are the most proliferative cells. Don't quote me on this.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 22 at 14:20
$begingroup$
I wonder whether entering the G0 is only done through G1. Is it possible for the cell to go from stage S or G2 to step G0?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 25 at 9:42
$begingroup$
By definition G0 is prior to S phase. Cells can remain for a long time in G2 but if they are not 'actively readying for division', they are either in G1 or out of the cell cycle entirely, in G0.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 25 at 13:08
$begingroup$
@AmirhoseinRiazi also have a look at biology.stackexchange.com/q/13703/3340
$endgroup$
– WYSIWYG♦
Feb 5 at 15:31
$begingroup$
Is it true to say "Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."? Is there any information?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 21 at 17:56
$begingroup$
Is it true to say "Most human cells, which have the ability to divide(passing the cell cycle), spend most of their lives on stage G1 than S phase or vice versa."? Is there any information?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 21 at 17:56
$begingroup$
I don't think this is known definitively. We can only guess. Most cells are in interphase (i.e. not mitosis+cytokinesis). There is an important cell-cycle checkpoint at the end of G1 which, when passed, means that the cell is preparing for eventual division (S or synthesis phase means it's duplicating its genome). I would hazard to guess most cells in the body, by sheer number, are in G1 or have entered (semi)permanently into the G0 phase. Even some adult stem cells await signals to enter the cell cycle again and divide, and these are the most proliferative cells. Don't quote me on this.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 22 at 14:20
$begingroup$
I don't think this is known definitively. We can only guess. Most cells are in interphase (i.e. not mitosis+cytokinesis). There is an important cell-cycle checkpoint at the end of G1 which, when passed, means that the cell is preparing for eventual division (S or synthesis phase means it's duplicating its genome). I would hazard to guess most cells in the body, by sheer number, are in G1 or have entered (semi)permanently into the G0 phase. Even some adult stem cells await signals to enter the cell cycle again and divide, and these are the most proliferative cells. Don't quote me on this.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 22 at 14:20
$begingroup$
I wonder whether entering the G0 is only done through G1. Is it possible for the cell to go from stage S or G2 to step G0?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 25 at 9:42
$begingroup$
I wonder whether entering the G0 is only done through G1. Is it possible for the cell to go from stage S or G2 to step G0?
$endgroup$
– AmirhoseinRiazi
Jan 25 at 9:42
$begingroup$
By definition G0 is prior to S phase. Cells can remain for a long time in G2 but if they are not 'actively readying for division', they are either in G1 or out of the cell cycle entirely, in G0.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 25 at 13:08
$begingroup$
By definition G0 is prior to S phase. Cells can remain for a long time in G2 but if they are not 'actively readying for division', they are either in G1 or out of the cell cycle entirely, in G0.
$endgroup$
– S Pr
Jan 25 at 13:08
$begingroup$
@AmirhoseinRiazi also have a look at biology.stackexchange.com/q/13703/3340
$endgroup$
– WYSIWYG♦
Feb 5 at 15:31
$begingroup$
@AmirhoseinRiazi also have a look at biology.stackexchange.com/q/13703/3340
$endgroup$
– WYSIWYG♦
Feb 5 at 15:31
add a comment |
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