Difference between causality and memorylessness











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I have found the particular definitions.



Causality means that the output of the system does not depend on future inputs, but only on past input.



Memory-less - does not depend on previous values of either input or output.



I am looking for example of systems which are either non-casual or memoryless but not both.



Also i want to check whether I understand it well.




$ T(x[n]) = x[n − n_{0}] $



$T(x[n]) = ax[n] + bx[n − 3]$




Are those an examples of non-casual and memory-less systems?










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    up vote
    4
    down vote

    favorite












    I have found the particular definitions.



    Causality means that the output of the system does not depend on future inputs, but only on past input.



    Memory-less - does not depend on previous values of either input or output.



    I am looking for example of systems which are either non-casual or memoryless but not both.



    Also i want to check whether I understand it well.




    $ T(x[n]) = x[n − n_{0}] $



    $T(x[n]) = ax[n] + bx[n − 3]$




    Are those an examples of non-casual and memory-less systems?










    share|improve this question







    New contributor




    roffensive is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
    Check out our Code of Conduct.






















      up vote
      4
      down vote

      favorite









      up vote
      4
      down vote

      favorite











      I have found the particular definitions.



      Causality means that the output of the system does not depend on future inputs, but only on past input.



      Memory-less - does not depend on previous values of either input or output.



      I am looking for example of systems which are either non-casual or memoryless but not both.



      Also i want to check whether I understand it well.




      $ T(x[n]) = x[n − n_{0}] $



      $T(x[n]) = ax[n] + bx[n − 3]$




      Are those an examples of non-casual and memory-less systems?










      share|improve this question







      New contributor




      roffensive is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.











      I have found the particular definitions.



      Causality means that the output of the system does not depend on future inputs, but only on past input.



      Memory-less - does not depend on previous values of either input or output.



      I am looking for example of systems which are either non-casual or memoryless but not both.



      Also i want to check whether I understand it well.




      $ T(x[n]) = x[n − n_{0}] $



      $T(x[n]) = ax[n] + bx[n − 3]$




      Are those an examples of non-casual and memory-less systems?







      homework system-identification






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      roffensive is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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      share|improve this question







      New contributor




      roffensive is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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      share|improve this question




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      asked Nov 25 at 17:27









      roffensive

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          2 Answers
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          A causal system does not need to know the future in order to compute its output. A memoryless system computes the output only from the current input. A memoryless system is always causal (as it doesn't depend on future input values), but a causal system doesn't need to be memoryless (because it may depend on past input or output values).



          The system $$y[n]=x[n]+2x[n+1]$$ is non-causal because it needs to look into the future (by $1$ sample) to compute its output. The system $$y[n]=3big(x[n]big)^2$$ is memoryless (and necessarily causal) because it only needs the current input sample $x[n]$ to compute the output.



          The systems in your question are both causal and have memory (if $n_0>0$).






          share|improve this answer






























            up vote
            3
            down vote













            Output of a memoryless system depends only on the current input value and therefore every memoryless system is also causal; since a causal system's output cannot depend on the future input values.



            The converse in general is not true; causal systems can be memoryless as well as can exhibit memory (if their outputs depend on the past input values in addition to current input sample).



            Also note that a noncausal system cannot be memorlyess is it must depend on future values (and hence exhibit memory) to be noncausal.






            share|improve this answer





















            • The OP's definition of a memoryless system requires that outputs not depend upon past inputs or outputs, but says nothing about whether they may rely upon future outputs. I would think that time-reversing a system that neither causal nor memoryless would yield a system that is both.
              – supercat
              Nov 25 at 23:09










            • @supercat OP's definition of memoryless system is (then) incomplete... anyway I've put my answer wrt. to the correct definition.
              – Fat32
              Nov 25 at 23:26










            • It might be good to mention that your use of "memoryless" differs from that of the OP.
              – supercat
              Nov 26 at 1:31











            Your Answer





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            2 Answers
            2






            active

            oldest

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            2 Answers
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            active

            oldest

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            active

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            active

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            up vote
            7
            down vote



            accepted










            A causal system does not need to know the future in order to compute its output. A memoryless system computes the output only from the current input. A memoryless system is always causal (as it doesn't depend on future input values), but a causal system doesn't need to be memoryless (because it may depend on past input or output values).



            The system $$y[n]=x[n]+2x[n+1]$$ is non-causal because it needs to look into the future (by $1$ sample) to compute its output. The system $$y[n]=3big(x[n]big)^2$$ is memoryless (and necessarily causal) because it only needs the current input sample $x[n]$ to compute the output.



            The systems in your question are both causal and have memory (if $n_0>0$).






            share|improve this answer



























              up vote
              7
              down vote



              accepted










              A causal system does not need to know the future in order to compute its output. A memoryless system computes the output only from the current input. A memoryless system is always causal (as it doesn't depend on future input values), but a causal system doesn't need to be memoryless (because it may depend on past input or output values).



              The system $$y[n]=x[n]+2x[n+1]$$ is non-causal because it needs to look into the future (by $1$ sample) to compute its output. The system $$y[n]=3big(x[n]big)^2$$ is memoryless (and necessarily causal) because it only needs the current input sample $x[n]$ to compute the output.



              The systems in your question are both causal and have memory (if $n_0>0$).






              share|improve this answer

























                up vote
                7
                down vote



                accepted







                up vote
                7
                down vote



                accepted






                A causal system does not need to know the future in order to compute its output. A memoryless system computes the output only from the current input. A memoryless system is always causal (as it doesn't depend on future input values), but a causal system doesn't need to be memoryless (because it may depend on past input or output values).



                The system $$y[n]=x[n]+2x[n+1]$$ is non-causal because it needs to look into the future (by $1$ sample) to compute its output. The system $$y[n]=3big(x[n]big)^2$$ is memoryless (and necessarily causal) because it only needs the current input sample $x[n]$ to compute the output.



                The systems in your question are both causal and have memory (if $n_0>0$).






                share|improve this answer














                A causal system does not need to know the future in order to compute its output. A memoryless system computes the output only from the current input. A memoryless system is always causal (as it doesn't depend on future input values), but a causal system doesn't need to be memoryless (because it may depend on past input or output values).



                The system $$y[n]=x[n]+2x[n+1]$$ is non-causal because it needs to look into the future (by $1$ sample) to compute its output. The system $$y[n]=3big(x[n]big)^2$$ is memoryless (and necessarily causal) because it only needs the current input sample $x[n]$ to compute the output.



                The systems in your question are both causal and have memory (if $n_0>0$).







                share|improve this answer














                share|improve this answer



                share|improve this answer








                edited Nov 26 at 9:19

























                answered Nov 25 at 18:02









                Matt L.

                48k13683




                48k13683






















                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote













                    Output of a memoryless system depends only on the current input value and therefore every memoryless system is also causal; since a causal system's output cannot depend on the future input values.



                    The converse in general is not true; causal systems can be memoryless as well as can exhibit memory (if their outputs depend on the past input values in addition to current input sample).



                    Also note that a noncausal system cannot be memorlyess is it must depend on future values (and hence exhibit memory) to be noncausal.






                    share|improve this answer





















                    • The OP's definition of a memoryless system requires that outputs not depend upon past inputs or outputs, but says nothing about whether they may rely upon future outputs. I would think that time-reversing a system that neither causal nor memoryless would yield a system that is both.
                      – supercat
                      Nov 25 at 23:09










                    • @supercat OP's definition of memoryless system is (then) incomplete... anyway I've put my answer wrt. to the correct definition.
                      – Fat32
                      Nov 25 at 23:26










                    • It might be good to mention that your use of "memoryless" differs from that of the OP.
                      – supercat
                      Nov 26 at 1:31















                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote













                    Output of a memoryless system depends only on the current input value and therefore every memoryless system is also causal; since a causal system's output cannot depend on the future input values.



                    The converse in general is not true; causal systems can be memoryless as well as can exhibit memory (if their outputs depend on the past input values in addition to current input sample).



                    Also note that a noncausal system cannot be memorlyess is it must depend on future values (and hence exhibit memory) to be noncausal.






                    share|improve this answer





















                    • The OP's definition of a memoryless system requires that outputs not depend upon past inputs or outputs, but says nothing about whether they may rely upon future outputs. I would think that time-reversing a system that neither causal nor memoryless would yield a system that is both.
                      – supercat
                      Nov 25 at 23:09










                    • @supercat OP's definition of memoryless system is (then) incomplete... anyway I've put my answer wrt. to the correct definition.
                      – Fat32
                      Nov 25 at 23:26










                    • It might be good to mention that your use of "memoryless" differs from that of the OP.
                      – supercat
                      Nov 26 at 1:31













                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote










                    up vote
                    3
                    down vote









                    Output of a memoryless system depends only on the current input value and therefore every memoryless system is also causal; since a causal system's output cannot depend on the future input values.



                    The converse in general is not true; causal systems can be memoryless as well as can exhibit memory (if their outputs depend on the past input values in addition to current input sample).



                    Also note that a noncausal system cannot be memorlyess is it must depend on future values (and hence exhibit memory) to be noncausal.






                    share|improve this answer












                    Output of a memoryless system depends only on the current input value and therefore every memoryless system is also causal; since a causal system's output cannot depend on the future input values.



                    The converse in general is not true; causal systems can be memoryless as well as can exhibit memory (if their outputs depend on the past input values in addition to current input sample).



                    Also note that a noncausal system cannot be memorlyess is it must depend on future values (and hence exhibit memory) to be noncausal.







                    share|improve this answer












                    share|improve this answer



                    share|improve this answer










                    answered Nov 25 at 18:06









                    Fat32

                    13.8k31128




                    13.8k31128












                    • The OP's definition of a memoryless system requires that outputs not depend upon past inputs or outputs, but says nothing about whether they may rely upon future outputs. I would think that time-reversing a system that neither causal nor memoryless would yield a system that is both.
                      – supercat
                      Nov 25 at 23:09










                    • @supercat OP's definition of memoryless system is (then) incomplete... anyway I've put my answer wrt. to the correct definition.
                      – Fat32
                      Nov 25 at 23:26










                    • It might be good to mention that your use of "memoryless" differs from that of the OP.
                      – supercat
                      Nov 26 at 1:31


















                    • The OP's definition of a memoryless system requires that outputs not depend upon past inputs or outputs, but says nothing about whether they may rely upon future outputs. I would think that time-reversing a system that neither causal nor memoryless would yield a system that is both.
                      – supercat
                      Nov 25 at 23:09










                    • @supercat OP's definition of memoryless system is (then) incomplete... anyway I've put my answer wrt. to the correct definition.
                      – Fat32
                      Nov 25 at 23:26










                    • It might be good to mention that your use of "memoryless" differs from that of the OP.
                      – supercat
                      Nov 26 at 1:31
















                    The OP's definition of a memoryless system requires that outputs not depend upon past inputs or outputs, but says nothing about whether they may rely upon future outputs. I would think that time-reversing a system that neither causal nor memoryless would yield a system that is both.
                    – supercat
                    Nov 25 at 23:09




                    The OP's definition of a memoryless system requires that outputs not depend upon past inputs or outputs, but says nothing about whether they may rely upon future outputs. I would think that time-reversing a system that neither causal nor memoryless would yield a system that is both.
                    – supercat
                    Nov 25 at 23:09












                    @supercat OP's definition of memoryless system is (then) incomplete... anyway I've put my answer wrt. to the correct definition.
                    – Fat32
                    Nov 25 at 23:26




                    @supercat OP's definition of memoryless system is (then) incomplete... anyway I've put my answer wrt. to the correct definition.
                    – Fat32
                    Nov 25 at 23:26












                    It might be good to mention that your use of "memoryless" differs from that of the OP.
                    – supercat
                    Nov 26 at 1:31




                    It might be good to mention that your use of "memoryless" differs from that of the OP.
                    – supercat
                    Nov 26 at 1:31










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