Variational perturbation theory
In mathematics, variational perturbation theory (VPT) is a mathematical method to convert divergent power series in a small expansion parameter, say
s=∑n=0∞angn{displaystyle s=sum _{n=0}^{infty }a_{n}g^{n}},
into a convergent series in powers
s=∑n=0∞bn/(gω)n{displaystyle s=sum _{n=0}^{infty }b_{n}/(g^{omega })^{n}},
where ω{displaystyle omega }
Most perturbation expansions in quantum mechanics are divergent for any small coupling strength g{displaystyle g}
After its success in quantum mechanics, VPT has been developed further to become an important mathematical tool in quantum field theory with its anomalous dimensions.[4] Applications focus on the theory of critical phenomena. It has led to the most accurate predictions of critical exponents.
More details can be read here.
References
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Kleinert, H. (1995). "Systematic Corrections to Variational Calculation of Effective Classical Potential" (PDF). Physics Letters A. 173 (4–5): 332–342. Bibcode:1993PhLA..173..332K. doi:10.1016/0375-9601(93)90246-V..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
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Kleinert, H.; Janke, W. (1993). "Convergence Behavior of Variational Perturbation Expansion - A Method for Locating Bender-Wu Singularities" (PDF). Physics Letters A. 206: 283–289. arXiv:quant-ph/9509005. Bibcode:1995PhLA..206..283K. doi:10.1016/0375-9601(95)00521-4.
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Guida, R.; Konishi, K.; Suzuki, H. (1996). "Systematic Corrections to Variational Calculation of Effective Classical Potential". Annals of Physics. 249 (1): 109–145. arXiv:hep-th/9505084. Bibcode:1996AnPhy.249..109G. doi:10.1006/aphy.1996.0066.
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Kleinert, H. (1998). "Strong-coupling behavior of φ^4 theories and critical exponents" (PDF). Physical Review D. 57 (4): 2264. Bibcode:1998PhRvD..57.2264K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.57.2264.
External links
Kleinert H., Path Integrals in Quantum Mechanics, Statistics, Polymer Physics, and Financial Markets, 3. Auflage, World Scientific (Singapore, 2004) (readable online here) (see Chapter 5)
Kleinert H. and Verena Schulte-Frohlinde, Critical Properties of φ4-Theories, World Scientific (Singapur, 2001); Paperback
ISBN 981-02-4658-7 (readable online here) (see Chapter 19)
Feynman, R. P.; Kleinert, H. (1986). "Effective classical partition functions". Physical Review A. 34 (6): 5080–5084. Bibcode:1986PhRvA..34.5080F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.34.5080. PMID 9897894.
